Hi mark, Neil and Danny pretty much covered the attachment of the cup itself.
There can be some issues with the cup over time, but it is comparatively rare. In the Australian registries, problems of any kind were with about 3.6% of the procedures. Of those that had issues, about half had lysis (slipping of the cup) issues. That's about 1.8% of all HRs done.
So the attachment of the cup and continued growing of the bone into the matrix of beads embedded into the surface is a pretty reliable connection. We can make things better by sticking with the recommendations of our surgeons about activity as the bone grows into that matrix of metal beads and connects, not just on one surface, but in three dimensions.
So as Neil described, initially that extremely tight fit from the pressing (hammering) of the cup into an area slightly smaller than the cup is more than enough to hold on for early use (which is where you are), and in the long term, as Danny wrote, that tight fit is then strengthened a thousandfold by the bone attaching itself over time.
All of us have the cup help in place by this mechanism. The femoral component is where there is some variation - mine was attached with glue, some surgeons use glueless attachment mirroring the way the cup is held on; both with and without glue seem to work pretty well on the femoral, but the cup is (as far as I know) always attached without glue.
We all worried about exactly what you're bringing up - it's normal to worry, but the odds are heavily in your favor. That doesn't minimize the suffering of those of us that have things go wrong, but even then a good alternative is available.
You're still early in your healing, I'd just get into that and the recuperation and let your mind be eased by the very high probability that things are going well and the hope and expectation that they will continue so.